Addressing GHG Emissions and Fossil Fuel Impact in the MENAT Region
 

Throughout the years, there has been a drastic increase in the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) due to the consumption of non-renewable energy sources, such as fossil fuels. Of these GHGs, approximately 75% consist of carbon dioxide (CO₂), which does not dissipate easily with time. Fossil fuels are considered the main culprits in the emission of CO2 into the atmosphere. They are the primary contributors to many direct and indirect issues, ranging from detrimental environmental effects to socio-economic damages.

The emphasis on the damaging impact of fossil fuel consumption is particularly notable in the Middle East, North Africa, and Turkey (MENAT) region, which is plagued by an increase in CO2 and Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5). This poses a high health risk to all organisms present in such polluted atmospheres. The transition towards renewable energy generation has never been more imperative and plays a crucial role in alleviating these issues and improving the overall energy mix of the region.
 

Figure 01

The emissions of greenhouse gases generated on a global scale emphasize the seriousness of the situation

Empowering MENAT Region through Renewable Energy Transition


The integration and transition to the use of renewable energy play an imperative role in the social and economic development of a corresponding region. While integrating renewable energy may seem like an ideal strategy, it must be a sustainable solution tailored to the specific region in question. The adoption of renewables is imperative due to the finite nature of fossil fuels and the gradual increase in the cost of energy.

The meteorology in the MENAT region creates an ideal scenario for the development of renewable energy, especially solar and wind power. While renewables currently make up only 5% of the total energy mix in the region, changes in policies and increased interest and investment from regional organizations are paving the way for further development of renewable energy. As shown in the figure below, the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries offer an ideal location for the expansion of solar energy. Within these countries, there are already investments in these alternative energy solutions, demonstrating a commitment to a better and more sustainable future.
 

Figure 02

 

Share of renewables in the global energy mix, 2015 – 2024

Results
 

Despite renewables currently constituting only 5% of the total energy mix in the MENAT region, changes in policies and increased interest and investment from regional organizations signal a promising shift towards renewable energy development. The Gulf Cooperation Council countries, highlighted in the table below, emerge as ideal locations for the further advancement of solar energy. Already, investments in alternative energy solutions within these countries underscore a commitment to building a better and sustainable future.